China’s largest conventionally powered aircraft carrier, the 80,000-ton Fujian, has entered another phase of sea trials. These tests begin at Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai. They focus on advanced technologies like electromagnetic catapults and arresting gear systems. This paves the way for launching and recovering cutting-edge fighter jets.
If the current tests involve the first carrier-based operations for aircraft like the J-15T and J-35 fighters, it will be significant. It will mark a major milestone. This step is crucial toward the carrier’s formal induction into the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). Once commissioned, the Fujian will become China’s third operational carrier, positioning the country just behind the U.S. in carrier fleet size.
Launched in June 2022, the Fujian is China’s first carrier featuring electromagnetic catapult technology—previously exclusive to the United States. Earlier trials in mid-2024 focused on propulsion and onboard systems. The current testing aims to confirm its readiness for combat operations. Experts believe the carrier will eventually support stealth fighters. It will also support early-warning aircraft like the KJ-600 and advanced trainer jets. This will further boost China’s naval presence in the Indo-Pacific.
India Strengthens Maritime Forces with INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant
India is also ramping up its naval strength. On November 30, 2024, the Ministry of Defence signed a contract worth ₹1,207.5 crore with Cochin Shipyard Limited for the refit and dry-docking of its flagship carrier INS Vikramaditya. This overhaul aims to enhance the warship’s combat effectiveness. It is also meant to extend its service life in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
Meanwhile, the indigenously built INS Vikrant, commissioned in September 2022, is steadily moving toward full operational readiness. The 43,000-ton vessel is currently conducting flight trials with MiG-29K fighter jets. Together, INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant significantly boost India’s blue-water naval strength. They reinforce its regional influence. They also ensure maritime security in response to China’s growing footprint in the Indo-Pacific.
