The uncertainty surrounding the Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) Dhruv fleet continues. The ongoing investigation into the cause of a Coast Guard helicopter crash on January 5 remains inconclusive. The entire fleet of ALH helicopters has been grounded due to safety concerns. This includes those operated by the Indian Army, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard. Recent developments suggest that the detailed probe to determine the root cause of the accident could take longer than expected. Implementing corrective measures might also be delayed.
Key Findings and Current Investigation Status
Preliminary investigations identified a potential flaw in the swash plate. This component is critical in the helicopter’s transmission system. It could have contributed to the technical failure. In response, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has sought assistance from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc). They will conduct an in-depth analysis of how varying climate conditions affect the swash plate. According to sources, IISc is expected to submit its findings to HAL by the end of April. The integrity tests will determine whether to inspect the entire ALH fleet. They will also determine if the fault was an isolated incident.
Officials indicate that the helicopters could remain grounded for at least another three months, as further testing and evaluations continue. During Aero India in February 2025, HAL CMD Dr. D.K. Sunil provided an update on the fleet review. He stated that investigations were ongoing. A clearer picture would emerge within three weeks. However, even after three months, the status of the fleet remains uncertain.
Impact on Defense Operations
The extended grounding of ALH helicopters has significantly affected operational readiness across various services. The Indian Army and Air Force have had to rely on older Cheetah and Chetak helicopters for critical missions. These missions include those in challenging terrains. The ALH Dhruv plays a pivotal role in military operations, training, and disaster relief. The prolonged investigation is a growing concern.
Previous ALH Incidents and Safety Concerns
This is not the first time the ALH fleet has faced grounding. A similar situation arose in 2023 following a Navy helicopter crash. Over the years, multiple ALH accidents have raised concerns about safety and maintenance.
- October 2024 – An Indian Air Force ALH, engaged in flood relief operations in Bihar, crashed due to engine failure.
- September 2, 2024 – A Coast Guard ALH crashed into the Arabian Sea.
- 2023 – ALH crashes occurred near Mumbai, Kochi, and Jammu. One incident in Jammu left two pilots and a technician injured.
- October 21, 2022 – A weaponized Rudra variant crashed in Arunachal Pradesh. The crash resulted in the deaths of two officers and three soldiers.
- August 2021 – A fatal ALH crash occurred near Pathankot.
- 2019 – An ALH carrying the Northern Army Commander crashed but fortunately resulted in no casualties.
HAL’s Perspective on ALH Safety
Dr. Sunil emphasized that there are no fundamental design flaws in the ALH Dhruv. Investigations into 28 ALH crashes over the last 25 years have attributed 13 to technical failures. Another 13 are due to human error. Two crashes remain with unidentified causes. However, concerns regarding training, maintenance, and operational safety continue to be critical points of discussion.
As the investigation proceeds, defense officials are keenly awaiting IISc’s final report. This report will determine whether the grounded ALH fleet can resume operations. Alternatively, it will assess if further inspections and modifications will be necessary.
